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45 pages 1 hour read

Whittington

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2005

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Chapters 19-27Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 19 Summary: “Out with the Owls”

Whittington invites Abby and Ben to the pond to whistle for owls. An owl drops a dead mouse on Ben’s shoulder, startling him; he, Abby, Whittington, and the Lady all run back to the barn.

Chapter 20 Summary: “Spooker Is Sick”

Bernie forgets to file Spooker’s teeth and she falls ill. The vet explains that because Spooker’s teeth have lost their sharp edge, she hasn’t been able to grind the food that she eats into fine bits; this means that she has been swallowing pieces of food that are too large to pass through her intestines, causing a blockage in her gut. The vet treats Spooker’s gut cramps and files her teeth, and Spooker makes a full recovery.

Chapter 21 Summary: “Ben’s Reading”

Abby and Whittington disagree on how best to encourage Ben’s reading progress. Ben can read back statements which he has memorized, and while Whittington argues that it should count as reading, Abby isn’t certain. To diffuse the argument, the Lady suggests Whittington continue with his story.

Chapter 22 Summary: “To Africa on the Unicorn”

Dick and his cat arrive in Tripoli, North Africa, and meet the king there. Having acquired a reputation as an accomplished mouser, Dick’s cat displays her skills for the king by killing several rats in his throne room. The king is desperate to own her to improve his people’s quality of life, as their homes and food stores are overrun by vermin.

Dick is reluctant to let his cat go, but she gives him a look that he interprets as her telling him to accept the king’s request. Dick negotiates for jewels, treasure, and the rare healing herb Ampacherie in exchange for his cat. Despite his boons, Dick feels lonely and lost on his return journey to London, knowing that he cannot replace his cat.

Chapter 23 Summary: “The Registered Letter”

Marion and Bernie receive a letter from the school recommending that Ben be placed in the Special Ed class; he is at risk of failing due to his poor progress in reading. Bernie and Marion are afraid that if they don’t follow the school’s recommendations, Ben and Abby will be removed from their care: Bernie and Marion are only fostering the children, since their father has not officially surrendered his rights, despite being absent in the children’s lives. Ben despairs; all his feelings about his mother’s death, his father’s absence, and his frustration with reading boil over at once. Marion comforts him.

Chapter 24 Summary: “Ben’s School Principal Visits the Texaco”

Bernie speaks with Ben’s principal, Don, and agrees that Ben will observe a Reading Recovery class and consider entering the program.

Chapter 25 Summary: “Reading Recovery”

Bernie shares the news with Ben that he’ll have to observe a Reading Recovery class. Ben receives the news stoically but worries about what his classmates will think. Whittington has a hairball.

Chapter 26 Summary: “Dick Sees a Beautiful Girl in Black”

Ben’s reading improves under Abby and the animals’ tutelage. Whittington continues the story with Dick’s return to London.

Fitzwarren, thrilled at Dick’s success, pays him for the goods he brought back. Now rich, Dick takes some of his fortune to the man from whom he purchased the cat, Sir Louis Green, feeling that he owes his good fortune to his cat. While there, Dick glimpses Sir Louis’s beautiful, black-clothed granddaughter. Sir Louis does not want to accept Dick’s money, feeling that Dick has rightfully earned it, but does agree to invest some of it for him and to give a share of it to Will Price, the coachman who helped convey Dick to London.

Sir Louis offers Dick some cryptic counsel: Dick will have time to give enough to meet everyone’s needs, but he must first give them education, clean water, and comfort for the old and sick.

Chapter 27 Summary: “Two Newcomers Join the Barn”

Bernie acquires a new rooster, who quickly becomes friends with Coraggio and Blackie, and a goat. The children name the rooster Brahms and the goat Willy. The barn community welcomes them.

Chapters 19-27 Analysis

Dick’s narrative in this chapter set comprises the primary events of the folk tale as Dick makes his voyage to Africa and trades his cat away for riches. The introduction of Sir Louis Green in Dick’s story increases the folkloric feel, as his advice to Dick in Chapter 26 is more prophecy than simple guidance. His words explicitly foreshadow Dick’s fate. He says that Dick will be Lord Mayor of London and should use his riches to “give [the people] books to learn from, comfort for the sick and old, and bring them water” (118), the very actions that grant Dick his ultimate folkloric significance.

Armstrong creates greater urgency in Ben’s plot line in Chapters 23 and 25 with the introduction of Reading Recovery, which in turn develops Ben’s internal conflicts. Ben’s emotional outburst after learning that he may have to attend remedial classes in Chapter 23 suggests that his anger and frustration is about more than just his reading, adding depth to his conflicts: “All feelings he’d built up about his mother's death, his father’s being off somewhere and not caring, his inability to keep up with his classmates, gave way at once” (104). This characterization adds complexity to Ben’s character and the challenges facing him, setting Ben up for more profound growth.

Armstrong uses the change of the seasons again to mark shifts in character and plot development. As winter shifts into spring in Chapter 21, Ben makes some small progress with reading; however, his conflict surrounding it intensifies as while he can memorize well, he isn’t truly “reading yet.” Armstrong also develops Dick’s story via Whittington’s continued installments. Dick’s story begins to mirror Ben’s trajectory, modeling the perseverance that Ben will gain from the story, developing both the Triumph Through Perseverance and The Power of Storytelling themes. As he reflects on his progress in reading in Chapter 26, “Ben thought about Dick Whittington. He’d been stuck too. He’d been forced to take a big step because there was no staying where he was. Maybe it was the same for [Ben]” (112).

Ben’s explicit comparison of himself to Dick emphasizes the parallel and foreshadows the key to resolving Ben’s character arc. The aforementioned themes develop through both Dick’s story and the development seen in Ben’s conflict surrounding Reading Recovery. Ben makes an implicit decision to attend in Chapter 26, motivated by the perseverance Dick displays in his own story, pointing to the power of stories to model important traits.

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