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45 pages 1 hour read

Odd and the Frost Giants

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2008

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Chapters 1-3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “Odd”

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussions of disability and depictions of ableism and sizeism. In addition, the source text uses offensive ableist and sizeist slurs, which are only replicated in quotes in this guide.

The book starts by introducing the protagonist, Odd, a boy living in Viking-era Norway. The unnamed, third-person omniscient narrator states that Odd’s name was not unusual or insulting for the time; rather, “Odd meant the tip of a blade, and it was a lucky name” (11). Despite this, Odd is still considered “odd” due to his personality and his bad luck in life. Odd’s mother is from Scotland; his father captured her on a raid in Scotland when they were young. Although she has acclimated to Norway, she still sings in Gaelic and longs to speak it with her people again.

Odd’s father was a Viking and a woodcutter and woodcarver. (Viking is a side job or a hobby, not a full-time position.) On a Viking raid when Odd was 10, he was put in charge of the ponies after Olaf the Tall died at the hands of a Scotsman. Odd’s father, inexperienced but dutiful, jumped into the freezing ocean to save a pony that had fallen overboard during a storm off the coast of Scotland. He saved the valuable pony but died overnight from pneumonia brought on by his near drowning. Because he did not die in battle, his death was not considered heroic.

Odd’s lack of visible grief after his father’s death disturbed the nosy villagers, who enjoy knowing everything they can about everyone. Odd’s mother stops singing in Gaelic as much, saddening Odd, who loves to hear her tell the stories of knights and heroes from her homeland. Odd remains cheery, however, even when an accident permanently injures his leg. When he takes his father’s gigantic woodcutting axe into the forest to fell a tree, the tree falls on his foot. Odd manages to use the axe to dig his way out, but the bones are too shattered for him to walk. He cuts himself a branch as a crutch and limps home, dragging the axe behind him as it is too valuable to lose.

Two years later, Odd’s mother marries Fat Elfred, an unpleasant man who lost his wife to a bolt of lightning and has seven other children. He misuses alcohol and dislikes Odd, so Odd spends his time in the woods as much as possible. Odd enjoys all seasons except for winter, as people are trapped inside and become unpleasant due to the proximity and preserved food.

That year, the winter refuses to go away in March as it usually does, and the people grow even more unpleasant than usual. They begin to argue and fight. Odd, fed up, decides to go into the woods to live by himself. He sneaks away in the night, taking clothes, salmon, a firepot, and an axe. He struggles to make his way through the ice and snow due to his injured leg but eventually crosses a still-frozen lake and reaches his father’s woodcutting hut by midafternoon. He digs out the hut from the snow and is starting to build a fire when he finds a lump of wood with a small carving on it, clearly unfinished. Odd finds a bed, imagining that it still smells like his father, and goes to sleep, peaceful and untormented by others.

Chapter 2 Summary: “The Fox, the Eagle, and the Bear”

When Odd wakes up, he hears scratching outside the hut. Briefly afraid of trolls and bears, he decides to open the door. The sun is bright, revealing that it is late morning, and a fox is sitting in the snow, staring at him. The fox jumps into the air briefly and retreats, then returns to Odd, then retreats again, clearly inviting Odd to follow him into the woods. Odd, realizing he has nothing better to do and does not wish to go back home, decides to follow the fox.

It leads him deep into the woods, waiting for him whenever he needs a break. Odd spots a bird circling overhead and realizes it is a large eagle that seems to be watching him. Odd continues to follow the fox, slipping several times when going downhill, until they stop in front of a fallen dead pine and a birch growing close beside it. There is a hole in the side of the pine, a likely place for a bees’ nest; Odd thinks of the mead the villagers make. Instead of honey, however, he sees a bear with a gigantic paw stuck in the hole.

Odd quickly assesses the situation and realizes that the bear must have become trapped by the birch tree, which snapped back into place when the bear let it go after getting its paw in the pine tree. Seeing that the bear is miserable, Odd decides to help it. He uses his axe and small pieces of wood to chop the bear’s paw free, acknowledging as he does so that he knows the bear can eat him if it wants.

Freed, the bear eagerly eats the honey it was trying to get. Odd eats a piece of honeycomb as well. The bear finishes the honey and then stands up and roars but makes no move to harm Odd. Odd decides to go home but realizes he can’t find his way. He slips on a patch of ice and falls flat. He feels the bear breathing on his neck, but the bear doesn’t harm him; it sits and gestures with a paw for Odd to climb on its back. Odd, deciding his situation can’t get worse, climbs onto the bear’s back, and they set off quickly into the night.

Odd looks around him and realizes the fox and eagle are also following the bear into the woods. He daydreams about being a lord with a horse, dog, and falcon from one of his mother’s stories, and even as it grows colder, “Odd laughed some more, because his hut was waiting for him, and he was an impossible lord riding a bear, and because he was Odd” (31).

They arrive at the hut, and Odd thanks the bear. The eagle lands, and Odd realizes it has only one eye. All three animals come up to the door, and Odd realizes they want to come in. He lets them in reluctantly.

Chapter 3 Summary: “The Night Conversation”

Odd’s salmon, intended to feed him for a week, is gone within the night, as all three animals help him finish it off. He decides to sleep and find more food tomorrow. Odd falls asleep in the bed, which he realizes doesn’t smell like his father at all, and has strange dreams and half-formed nightmares. When he wakes up, he hears voices arguing—a deep voice (the bear) insisting it wasn’t his fault, and a higher voice (the fox) bitterly insisting he tried to warn the other about the tree. The bear blames the fox for getting them into the mess in the first place until a third voice silences them.

Odd rolls over and confronts the animals about their ability to speak, who try to deny it by saying nothing, until the bear finally lets their secret slip. The eagle forces the others to explain the situation to Odd, and they reveal that they are gods. The bear is Thor, the fox is Loki, and the eagle is Odin. They have been trapped, nearly powerless, in animal bodies. Loki decides to narrate his version of the story.

In Loki’s story—regularly interrupted by Thor—they are feasting in Asgard, a beautiful and indestructible city of the gods. The city is protected by a wall built long ago by a Frost Giant who wanted the sun, moon, and the goddess Freya as payment. Loki proudly explains how he tricked the Frost Giant out of his payment at the last minute.

After the feast, Loki is still awake, so he goes for a walk. While walking on the walls around Asgard, he sees a beautiful woman standing in the moonlight. She calls out to him and flatters him so much that he offers to let her inside the city walls, but she insists that she cannot give Loki anything lest she upset her father, who has forced her to promise she will not give her heart to anyone who doesn’t bear Mjolnir, Thor’s mighty hammer.

Loki, taken by her beauty, runs inside and takes the hammer from the sleeping Thor. Since he cannot carry it, he uses his magical shoes, which can walk on the air, to float the hammer outside. He brings it to the crying maiden, who insists she loves him but cannot love him fully until she touches the hammer. He eagerly lets her take it, but before he can kiss her, she laughs in a frightening, deep voice and transforms into a giant, now holding the hammer. The Giant transforms Loki into a fox by force—he notes that sometimes he takes animal form by his own will, and it feels different—and then forces Heimdall, protector of the Rainbow Bridge, to transport them to Midgard, the human world.

After hearing this story, Odd decides that he can’t feed them all and himself through the winter. Thor explains that as gods, they can’t die, but they will become more animalistic over time. He also explains that the winter won’t end until the Frost Giant is defeated, and if winter doesn’t end, the people in Midgard will starve and die as a new Ice Age occurs. Odd announces that when morning comes, they will go to Asgard to stop the giant; his confidence baffles the gods. He goes back to sleep.

Chapters 1-3 Analysis

Key to the opening of this novel is the symbiotic yet dangerous relationship between humankind and the natural world. Despite the beauty and purpose Odd finds in nature, the wilderness surrounding the village is repeatedly presented as dangerous. Odd's father dies from the freezing water; the unending winter threatens the survival of all the Norwegian people; Odd himself nearly dies, or thinks he will die, from natural dangers including a fallen tree and a brown bear. This paradoxical view of nature—as both beautiful and dangerous, inviting and hostile—is vital to the development of Odd as a character deeply shaped by his environment. While Odd will grow into a character capable of shaping the world, at this point in the book, his literal body has been altered by the challenging natural world of Norway. While the novel never says it outright, Odd goes into the woods with the intended goal of letting this process continue. Even at this early stage in his development, he understands Nature as a Key to Self-Discovery. He does not intend to go home but intends to continue letting nature shape and mold him, with only minimal thoughts about his chances of survival.

The gods represent the turning point in this arc. The novel loosely follows a narrative structure identified by the narratologist Joseph Campbell as the “hero's journey.” According to Campbell’s theory, the hero’s journey begins with a “call to adventure”—an incident that beckons the hero to abandon the familiar, domesticated world and undertake a journey into the unknown. In Odd and the Frost Giants, the appearance of the gods represents Odd's call to adventure, and Asgard is the unknown world in which he will face challenges and, ultimately, discover himself. Many other aspects of the story directly reflect the structure of the Hero's Journey. When viewed through the lens of Odd's relationship to nature, however, the gods taking the form of animals becomes more symbolically relevant. Odd first encounters Loki, the fox and trickster, but Loki leads him honestly to Thor and back home again, contradicting his own nature. Odd's decision to follow Loki represents his first step past the threshold of normalcy—he is, for once, acting purely for himself without concern for the response of others. Odd then encounters Thor, the bear and warrior, and decides to help him at the risk of his own life. Here, Odd acknowledges his power over nature for the first time—whereas his first attempt to shape the forest left his leg damaged, his second attempt results in another "step" toward his transformation, affirming that Odd can shape the world around him. Finally, Odd encounters Odin, the eagle and king, who does little except watch him. Odin’s unspoken approval represents Odin's invitation into the "unknown," an acknowledgment that Odd has more power than he yet realizes. Odd's call to heroism is deeply intertwined with the natural world—just as it has shaped him, it invites him to take a step forward and shape it right back through actions that affect the very cosmology of the Norse world.

While not matching the Hero’s Journey, story structure is also key to Loki’s tale of how they ended up in the predicament in the first place. Loki’s version of events is humorous and likely exaggerated but matches—and inverts—the structure of many other Norse myths. For example, Mjolnir’s theft is borrowed from the story of Thrymr, a giant who stole Mjolnir and demanded Freya as the price. However, the plot of the story is different from most other myths: Loki is a trickster, yet in the story he tells, he is the one getting tricked. This story develops the theme of Learning and Adaptability as Sources of Strength. The book emphasizes that learning and adaptability are human traits that set Odd apart from the gods. The gods can only change to become weaker, never stronger. Any move the gods make to strengthen themselves, both in the story and in broader mythology, must balance out with a weakness. Odd, on the other hand, grows stronger by the chapter, both physically and emotionally. The first few chapters quickly establish that the gods are beholden to their own story structure—they must obey the laws of Norse mythology. Odd, however, has no such confinements, which will become important when he later encounters Mimir’s well.

The beginning of the story also establishes the importance of Scotland to Odd’s life and perspective. His mother is Scottish, and his multiethnic heritage is one of many things that mark him as different from the other villagers. Odd grows up not on stories of Norwegian heroes, but on stories of Gaelic lords and knights as translated by his mother. This symbolizes Odd’s flexibility as a hero; just as he is not confined like the gods to certain behaviors or patterns of growth, he is also not even confined by genre. Odd does not have to be a hero from Norse myth—he is his own person. While Odd has yet to learn the complicated aspects of his personhood and what has shaped him, the beginning of the story establishes his uniqueness succinctly. Odd is the only person who can save the gods because he is, like his name, odd, which allows him to act in ways that transcend expectations and genre. Odd’s Scottish heritage—and connections to a land he has never seen for himself—allows him to be braver in the face of the unknown because, like his mother, he has experienced loss and suffering on a deeply personal level and come out as a stronger version of himself.

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