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50 pages 1 hour read

Now Is Not the Time to Panic

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Symbols & Motifs

The Poster’s Words and Images

In making the poster, Zeke and Frankie set out to create unique and meaningful art. They sense that the photocopier could be instrumental in achieving this but produce several failed attempts before Zeke decides that their art must be something that can be made public. He instructs Frankie that the words should be “something really weird. Like, it doesn’t mean anything, but also, like, kind of means something” (37). By this, he feels Frankie should not try too hard to generate a phrase with intentional, obvious significance; the meaning will come later and will be unintentional on the artists’ parts. In many respects, this is exactly what happens, as not only do they find the phrase she generates compelling but portions of the phrase grow to represent the impact the poster’s notoriety has on both of them. The phrase “the edge”—taken from Frankie’s Nancy Drew fan-fiction novel—can be interpreted in multiple ways but suggests a limit or a boundary, something that cannot or should not be surpassed or may be dangerous to cross. “Shantytown” suggests a run-down, ramshackle grouping of houses. Though Frankie does not necessarily have Coalfield itself in mind when she generates this phrase, tonally it fits with the misfit status she and Zeke share. It is also somewhat reminiscent of the abandoned house at which Coalfield teenagers hang out, conjuring a secret space that exists beyond the reaches of adult control. The word “fugitives” comes to be, perhaps, the most important part of the phrase to Frankie. It speaks to the otherness she feels, not only in Coalfield but as a teenager in general. The term grows increasingly powerful for her as she reclaims it from the negative denotation of a criminal fleeing the law and reframes it as someone who upsets social norms in a productive way. Ironically, Zeke comes to fear the legal ramifications of the poster, and in this way the denotation of the term becomes fitting. Arguably, too, keeping their identity hidden is an attempt to run from or escape from a rigid society.

The image that Zeke draws on the poster is inspired by the sentences that Frankie generates. In some respects, it is a rather literal interpretation of her words, depicting a run-down group of shacks beneath large power lines and surrounded by “detritus” (42). The large, disembodied hands above the shanties, however, are what Frankie finds most compelling. In the weeks and years to come, the words and the image of the hands will haunt her the most. The hands are depicted in a way that seems dangerous and threatening; they suggest the authority of those who come to oppose the poster.

Finally, the drops of blood that Zeke and Frankie add to the poster further contribute to its symbolism. The ritual of offering up their own blood is reminiscent of “blood bonds” commonly done to signify the connection between two friends. Importantly, it is also suggestive of a satanic ritual. The blood is a reminder of how the poster is often interpreted in ways they neither intended nor imagined.

Time and the Pull of the Past

That the events of the past impact Frankie’s future is immediately clear in the novel’s opening chapter with Mazzy Brower’s phone call. Throughout the summer of 1996, Franke repeatedly wishes for the present to last forever. She knows that the summer will inevitably end and that Zeke will in all likelihood return to Memphis permanently; the fact that their future paths may not cross weighs on Frankie heavily. Because the friendship formed with Zeke and the creation of the poster are so meaningful to her, she fears not being able to maintain such joy into her future. Ironically, what Frankie wishes for—for the past not to end—comes to fruition, but in a way that she does not expect. Others around her—namely, her mother and Hobart—insist that the summer of 1996 won’t matter once it is over. Though they say this to reassure teenage Frankie that she should not be anxious about being a social outcast, Frankie works to make certain that the summer is not forgotten, at times to her detriment. Adult Frankie oscillates between negative and positive obsessions with her past. At times she laments that summer, certain that she is a bad person for the harm caused by the poster. At other times, the poster and its phrase continue to infuse her present life with meaning. Her refusal, though, to stop hanging up the poster—well into her adulthood and long after the nationwide panic has subsided—might suggest an inability to live for the present and future. Examples of others who thrive in the future—such as her mother, who is happy and fulfilled even after her divorce and Hobart’s death; and Zeke, who finds contentment in his art and simple, everyday joys, despite his struggles with mental illness—provide an important foil to Frankie’s obsession with the past and its perfection. 

Panic

The novel’s title sets a humorous and playful tone by using a familiar phrase. This is in keeping with the playfulness common in Wilson’s other fiction. Initially, the title suggests a lack of seriousness, but it takes on greater significance as the poster’s reception grows negative. As discussed in the Background, a moral panic is a collective fear that some type of harm—be it physical violence or moral decline—is resulting from a cultural phenomenon. When the poster is accused of having satanic associations, the Coalfield Panic begins. Importantly, the larger panic is manifested in personal moments of panic by both Frankie and Zeke. Zeke’s fear that the two will face criminal repercussions begins when two teenagers are allegedly kidnapped by the “fugitives,” inciting rumors of a satanic cult. Zeke’s panic creates conflict between him and Frankie, who repeatedly insists they should continue to put up the posters. The term “panic” conveys an emotional or mental anxiety that can spiral out of control. In keeping with this notion, Zeke’s fear mounts, though he takes no action to alleviate it. It is likely that Zeke’s then-undiagnosed mental illness contributes to his panic.

The poster causes a different type of panic in Frankie as she grows more and more obsessed with the lines she has written. As other versions of the poster appear—and as it spreads across the country—Frankie repeats the line incessantly. This panic extends into her adulthood as she refuses to forget the line and becomes increasingly concerned that she is responsible for the harm caused by the poster. It is not until she decides to let the secret of the poster’s authorship come to light that she is finally able to lay her obsession to rest.

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