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69 pages 2 hours read

Like Water for Chocolate

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1989

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Chapters 1-3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “January: Christmas Rolls”

The chapter begins with a recipe for Christmas rolls. The unnamed narrator explains the proper technique for chopping onions for the rolls, which reminds her of the story of her great aunt Tita’s miraculous birth. Josefita “Tita” De la Garza was born prematurely on the kitchen table of her family ranch, as her mother Mama Elena sobbed over onions. Tita is born crying from the onions, the floor soaked with tears from mother and baby. The cook Nacha observes the scene, and when she tells the story to others, she says there was enough salt from the tears to fill a bag. The narrator states, “Thanks to her unusual birth, Tita felt a deep love for the kitchen, where she spent most of her life from the day she was born” (4). Tita’s father died two days after she was born, and her mother grieved. Unable to feed her daughter, she entrusts Nacha with the responsibility. Tita develops a diverse palate from an early age and learns everything there is to know about cooking from Nacha. The narrator states Tita has a keen “sixth sense” about food and often experiences strong emotions while cooking.

Tita, the youngest of three siblings, is different from her older sisters Rosaura and Gertrudis. Once, she tried to teach them how to gauge the temperature of the hot griddle and was punished when Rosaura was accidentally burned. From then on, Nacha became Tita’s closest companion. Nacha teaches her the proper method for browning sausage for Christmas rolls. The sausage is prepared over an entire day, requiring everyone’s help. The recipe is Tita’s favorite, as it reminds her of her family and the closeness they experience while preparing the intricate dish.

At 16, Tita is in love with a young man named Pedro Muzquiz. The two met last Christmas when Pedro’s family came to the ranch for dinner; it was love at first sight. Tita’s attraction to Pedro made her neighbor Paquita think she was drunk. Tita and Pedro declared their love for each other that night. Now, one year later, Pedro comes to ask for Tita’s hand in marriage. Mama Elena refuses to see Pedro, as the family has a tradition in which the youngest daughter remains unmarried to stay home and care for her mother. Tita and her mother argue over the tradition. The narrator notes that Mama Elena sometimes physically abuses Tita for what she perceives as insolence. When Pedro arrives with his father, Mama Elena refuses his marriage proposal, offering her oldest daughter Rosaura instead. Pedro agrees but later tells his father that he will always only love Tita. Nacha overhears the conversation and relays it to the distraught Tita. Tita tries to comfort herself by eating a Christmas roll, but it doesn’t help. She crochets a bedspread she began making after falling in love with Pedro.

Chapter 2 Summary: “February: Chabela Wedding Cake”

Content Warning: The Chapter 2 Summary depicts physical abuse.

The chapter begins with a recipe for Chabela wedding cake. Rosaura and Pedro are set to be married on January 12th. It has taken months to save enough eggs for the wedding cake. The raw eggs nauseate Tita, as they remind her of the chicken castrations that she and Nacha executed for the wedding feast. Tita did not attend Rosaura and Pedro’s engagement party and as punishment, her mother has put her in charge of food preparation. At one point, Tita is so distraught that she thinks she hears a baby chick in an uncracked egg.

The wedding preparations exhaust Tita and Nacha. Nacha senses Tita has been suppressing her emotions and encourages her to let go. Tita sobs so much that her tears dilute the cake batter; Nacha feels Tita’s sadness and weeps too. Next, they must prepare the marmalade filling for the cake. The smell of apricots triggers a memory for Tita: A month before, she ran into Pedro while spilling the apricots from her skirt. When she lifted her skirt to collect the fruit, she noticed him looking at her bare leg. Pedro tried to explain why he was marrying Rosaura, but Tita refused to listen. She ran home and found house cleaner Chencha and Gertrudis preparing the sheet for the couple’s wedding night. Because of the ongoing revolution, luxurious fabric is hard to find, and Mama Elena had to purchase it illegally. The sheet has a chastity opening (for the couple’s genitals) so the couple do not have to see each other naked. The sight flooded Tita with images of white symbols of purity, reminding her of her inability to marry.

Tita must put aside her memories to make icing for the cake, but her tears flow into the icing. Nacha sends Tita to bed. When Nacha tastes the icing, she is immediately overcome with grief for a lost love; Mama Elena’s mother had forbidden her to marry. Nacha is too sick to attend the wedding.

Tita struggles through the wedding ceremony as she overhears the guests whispering about her. She does not like being pitied and thinks back to childhood instances when she exhibited strength and tenacity. She once won a swimming contest crossing the Rio Grande and another time, she heroically reigned in four spooked horses. After the wedding, Tita and Pedro embrace and he whispers a promise of undying love: “[…] through this marriage I have gained what I really wanted; the chance to be near you, the woman I really love” (36). Mama Elena separates them and chastises Tita for her reckless behavior. After the cake is served, Tita notices all the guests are becoming emotional thinking of their lost loves. Even Mama Elena cries over her husband’s premature death. Soon, the crying turns to vomiting. Rosaura runs away to be sick and slips on the river of vomit, ruining her dress. Mama Elena accuses Tita of poisoning the cake and beats her so severely that she is bedridden for weeks. When Tita returns home, she finds Nacha dead in her bed, clutching a photo of her fiancé. Pedro avoids consummating his marriage for months, until Rosaura insists she has recovered from her illness.

Chapter 3 Summary: “March: Quails in Rose Petal Sauce”

One year later, Tita becomes the ranch cook in place of Nacha. Rosaura despises cooking; the one time she prepared a meal, she burned it and made everyone sick. Though Mama Elena has been militant about keeping them apart, Pedro still manages to slip into the kitchen and gives Tita roses as congratulations for her becoming the ranch cook. When she sees the roses, Mama Elena is furious and forces Tita to get rid of them. The pregnant Rosaura is heartbroken over Pedro’s gesture. Tita clutches the flowers so tightly that the pink petals turn red with her blood. Not wanting to discard the roses, Tita remembers a recipe Nacha taught her: pheasant in rose petal sauce. The recipe is rich and sweet, and includes chestnuts, honey, and pitaya. Tita doesn’t have pheasant, so she decides on quail instead. She botches the first kill but finds her confidence and cleanly harvests the rest of the birds. Preparing the birds reminds her of when Mama Elena forced her to eat soft-boiled eggs as a child. Making the dish makes her feel close to Nacha: “…it seemed Nacha herself was in Tita’s body doing all those things” (36).

The meal is a masterpiece, but Mama Elena refuses to give Tita credit, claiming the quail is too salty; Pedro says, “It is a dish for the gods!” (37). Jealous, Rosaura refuses to eat much of the meal. Gertrudis has an intense reaction to the meal, feeling aroused. She begins to sweat profusely and fantasizes about Pancho Villa’s captain of the guard, whom she saw in the village earlier that week. His rebellious spirit is attractive, and she imagines what it would be like to be naked in his presence. Gertrudis seeks help from Tita, but Tita is staring at Pedro. The meal provides a way for Tita to commune with Pedro; however, her sexual desire consumes Gertrudis as well. Gertrudis is normally tasked with dishwashing but cannot do so due to her aroused state; she continues to sweat and smells of roses. She decides to take a shower, but the heat from her body is so powerful that the water turns to steam and the walls burst into flame; she is forced to run naked into the field. Her scent travels to town and envelopes the rebel soldier Juan Alejandrez. He immediately abandons his post and gallops toward the ranch. Juan scoops Gertrudis up onto his horse, and they begin to have sex as he gallops away. Tita and Pedro watch from the porch, the former longing for the latter to ask her to run away with him. Pedro thinks of Gertrudis’s naked body and how he would like to see Tita naked. Just as he is about to ask Tita to leave, Mama Elena calls them inside. Tita lies to her mother about what happened, saying rebel troops kidnapped Gertrudis. Later, Mama Elena learns from the parish priest that Gertrudis is now living in a brothel. Deeply grieved, she burns Gertrudis’s possessions and forbids anyone to speak her name. Tita believes Gertrudis has been liberated and makes the quail dish each year to celebrate. She continues knitting her bedspread each night, looking to the stars for comfort.

Chapters 1-3 Analysis

As Like Water for Chocolate opens, Laura Esquivel immerses the reader in a vibrant Mexican household with intense emotions and pleasures. By having protagonist Tita born in a kitchen, Esquivel establishes The Intersection of Food and Family as an important theme in the novel. The kitchen becomes the place where Tita feels most at home, but it is also where she experiences abuse from her mother. Nacha the cook becomes a prominent figure in Tita’s life, nourishing her physically and emotionally when Mama Elena cannot. Due to her own issues, Mama Elena often denies her daughter love and compassion. Forced to suppress her strong will and emotions, Tita channels her energy into cooking. It is through this avenue that the author incorporates magical realism, adding another layer of intrigue to the story.

Magical realism comprises magical elements in an otherwise grounded reality. Tita’s story takes place in the gritty, real world of ranch life where farmhands castrate chickens among other duties. It is also set against the backdrop of the Mexican Revolution, which occurred during the early 20th century. Amidst all this, Tita experiences normal teenage emotions such as anger, frustration, lust, and sadness, and endures frequent clashes with her parent. The author uses magic to discuss the repression of such emotions and the powerful connection between one’s body and mind. Unbeknownst to Tita, her cooking is magical; allowing her emotions to fuel the process is her first act of rebellion against Mama Elena. The sensations invoked by Tita’s food are the overflow of her repressed sensuality. Furthermore, because Tita’s food is sometimes harmful (like the Chabela wedding cake), the author uses magic to warn of the deleterious effects of suppressing one’s emotions. Just as bodies sometimes react to ailments and pain in inexplicable ways, magical food causes people to experience subconscious feelings. These feelings produce physical, often violent, reactions. The novel explores the theme of Repressed Female Desire and Rebellion through several characters, not just Tita.

The novel is rife with lost love, opening with Tita’s father dying when she is only days old and leaving Mama Elena to raise her youngest alone. Mama Elena turns her grief to scorn, preventing Tita from experiencing true love. Tita and Pedro embody the classic “star-crossed lovers” trope. They are forbidden to marry, chained by the curse of Tita’s family tradition. To Mama Elena, love and marriage are transactional and she cares not for Tita’s feelings. Rosaura also suffers, as she is pawned off as a substitute for Tita and given no agency in the decision. She is now doomed to a loveless marriage, living in the shadow of her sister and Pedro’s passionate desire. Nacha’s story also reveals a family history of impeding true love. Mama Elena’s mother prevented Nacha from marrying the love of her life, so she could continue serving the family. Through these characters, the author presents women forced to put aside their feelings to serve as wife, mother, and caretaker. Though Tita treasures the family recipes passed down from generation to generation, tradition also imprisons her, keeping her shackled to her home and preventing her from living as her truest self.

Tita’s magic is at its strongest when it courses through Gertrudis. As Gertrudis is open to her sister’s power, the quail dish takes possession of her. Though Tita does not have the strength to resist Mama Elena, Gertrudis—emboldened by Tita’s lust and rebellious energy—leaves the house, sheds her clothes, and rides off with a rebel soldier to start a new life. Gertrudis’s actions are so scandalous that her mother disowns her, refusing to even speak her name. Yet, Tita celebrates her sister’s actions, hoping to draw strength from her so she, too, can free herself from Mama Elena’s subjugation. Having been forced into an eternal state of virginity, Tita can only live vicariously through her sister’s sexual freedom.

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